If My Doctor Says I Have A Work Related Disability, Am I Automatically Entitled to Benefits?

Unfortunately, NO.  It is not that simple.  Even though NY Workers' Compensation Law requires that you produce a medical report showing that you have a causally related diagnosed injury or condition AND saying that you are disabled from work (and the specific level of disability you have), that is just ONE part of the administrative process.  In order to determine whether you are entitled to benefits there are other factors that must be taken into account, such as whether there was proper notice given, whether you truly are an employee, whether there is contrary medical evidence (such as an IME) saying you are not disabled or that your disability is not causally related, etc.  So although you MUST have a medical report indicating you have a causally related disability from work that will not automatically entitle you to comp benefits.